
XNS Overview
303548-A Rev 00
1-3
• Level 2 protocols provide for the exchange of routing information between
routers, handle the sequencing of packets within a packet stream, report
transmission errors, retransmit packets in response to errors, suppress
duplicate packets, and adjust the rate of packet transmission (flow control).
Examples of Level 2 protocols are Routing Information Protocol, Error
Protocol, Echo Protocol, Sequenced Packet Protocol, and the Packet
Exchange Protocol. Level 2 corresponds to Layer 4, the transport layer of the
OSI model.
• Level 3 protocols are control protocols; they determine process interactions
that involve remote resources, such as printer and file requests, and data
structuring conventions. Level 3 corresponds generally to Layers 5 and 6, the
session and presentation layers of the OSI model.
• Level 4 protocols are application protocols that are implemented for specific
platforms. Level 4 corresponds to Layer 7, the application layer of the OSI
model.
Protocol Layer/Level Support
This section describes in detail the protocol support that Bay Networks XNS
routing software provides at Levels 0, 1, and 2 of the XNS protocol model. Levels
3 and 4 do not involve routing, and are beyond the scope of this document.
Level 0
The XNS Level 0 protocols handle the physical transmission of data between two
points. The Bay Networks router running XNS software supports the following
Level 0 protocols or frame formats/encapsulations:
• Ethernet: Ethernet II
• Token Ring: SNAP
• FDDI: SNAP
• Frame Relay: Frame Relay SNAP
• SMDS: SMDS SNAP
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