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ISDN Overview
2-3
Primary Rate Interface
The other transmission rate service is the primary rate interface (PRI). In the
United States, Canada, and Japan, the PRI transmits data at a rate of 64 Kb/s over
23 B channels and sends signaling information at a rate of 64 Kb/s over one D
channel (23B + D). In Europe, PRI transmits data at the same rates with 30 B
channels and one D channel (30B + D). PRI channels combine into two physical,
twisted-pair lines.
Two variations of PRI are necessary because the United States, Canada, and Japan
derive the PRI transmission rates from the T1 standard that operates at line speeds
of 1.544 Mb/s. Europe and Australia, however, use the E1 standard that operates at
line speeds of 2.048 Mb/s.
The D Channel
The D channel is integral to ISDN services: It provides out-of-band signaling,
which means that the line carrying signaling information is separate from the line
carrying data. Using out-of-band signaling, call setup information does not
interfere with the data you send, and the result is more accurate communication.
The D channel also provides what the ITU-T (formerly CCITT) defines as
supplementary services. These are extra services that you can purchase from your
ISDN provider, for example, calling line ID, which enables you to determine the
phone number of the incoming call.
Link Access Procedure for the D Channel
To perform call setup and signaling functions between your equipment and the
ISDN network, ITU-T defined recommendation Q.921, which outlines the Link
Access Procedure-D (LAPD), the data link protocol for the D channel. ISDN uses
LAPD to establish a switched connection on a particular B channel. The B
channel then allows data to travel between the two end points of that connection.
LAPD transmits information in frames. The fields in a LAPD frame contain
addresses, control, and frame-check sequence information. The address and
control information comprise the LAPD header, which sequences the packets and
keeps them in the right order. The frame-check sequence allows the receiver of a
frame to detect any errors that may have occurred during transmission.
Unlike other data link protocols, LAPD can handle multiple users on the same
multiaccess interface. Figure 2-3 shows a LAPD frame.
- Configuring Dial Services 1
- Bay Networks Software License 3
- Contents 5
- About This Guide 19
- CompuServe 21
- InfoFACTS 22
- World Wide Web 22
- How to Get Help 23
- Conventions 23
- Acronyms 24
- Chapter 1 27
- Dial Services Overview 27
- Dial-on-Demand Service 29
- Demand Lines and Pools 30
- Activating Demand Circuits 32
- Dial Backup Service 34
- Backup Lines and Pools 36
- Activating the Backup Line 37
- Bandwidth-on-Demand Service 38
- Activating Secondary Lines 40
- Terminating Secondary Lines 40
- Chapter 2 43
- ISDN Overview 43
- ISDN Standards 44
- Primary Rate Interface 45
- The D Channel 45
- Figure 2-3. LAPD Frame 46
- ISDN Interfaces 47
- Reference Points 48
- Chapter 3 51
- Implementation Notes 51
- D Channel Support 52
- B Channel Support 52
- S/T Interfaces 53
- BRI Subaddresses 54
- Selective PRI Service 55
- Call Screening 56
- Rate Adaption 56
- Example 1 57
- Example 2 57
- Point-to-Point Protocol 58
- IP Adjacent Hosts 61
- Data Compression 62
- PPP Multilink 63
- Static Routes 64
- Protocol Prioritization 65
- Breath-of-Life Messages 67
- Bandwidth for Backup Circuits 68
- Chapter 4 79
- Using the MIB Object ID 80
- Configuring Line Pools 80
- Pool ID Parameter 86
- Line Media Type Parameters 86
- Adding Line Pools 87
- Configuring ISDN Lines 91
- PRI Physical Interfaces 93
- MCT1/MCE1 Clock Parameters 97
- MCT1/MCE1 Port Parameters 98
- MCT1 Port Parameters 100
- Creating Line Pools 101
- Configuring Dial Services 102
- MCE1 Port Parameters 105
- MCT1/MCE1 Logical Lines 108
- Logical Lines Parameter 111
- (continued) 113
- (continued) 114
- Configuring ISDN Logical Lines 116
- Logical Lines Parameters 118
- fills in the fields below it 121
- Local Phone Number Parameters 123
- Changing a Line Pool 127
- Changing Lines in a Pool 128
- Port Parameters 134
- Timeslots 134
- Chapter 5 137
- Configuring Circuits 137
- Interface for Dialup Lines 139
- Demand Circuit Parameters 140
- Configuring Circuits 141
- Click on Done 151
- Schedule Parameters 152
- Deleting Demand Circuits 155
- 4. Click on OK to save 157
- Providing Backup Circuits 164
- Click on OK 166
- Circuit Options Parameters 168
- Primary Circuit Parameters 169
- (Figure 5-19) 175
- (Figure 5-20) 176
- Manager window 176
- Deleting Backup Circuits 178
- Click on Done to exit 182
- Congestion Monitor Parameters 189
- (Figure 5-26) 194
- Chapter 6 197
- Configuring Phone Lists 197
- Configuring Phone Lists 199
- Chapter 7 209
- Caller Resolution Table 209
- (Figure 7-2) 210
- Appendix A 217
- Configuration Examples 217
- Dial-on-Demand Using PPP 218
- Demand Pools Configuration 219
- Demand Circuit Configuration 220
- Configuration Examples 221
- Configuration of Router 1 222
- Configuration of Router 2 223
- Demand Pool Configuration 224
- Outgoing Phone List 225
- Protocol Configuration 226
- Backup Circuit Configuration 230
- Backup Pool Configuration 235
- Type)➔Circuit Options window 236
- Appendix B 239
- Appendix C 247
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